The simple moving average is basically the simplest way to calculate a moving average. This is an arithmetic mean in which the sum of the last N prices (P) will be taken and divided by N, where N is the period. In other words is an average where all data prices have the same weight. Remember that the most usual is to calculate this indicator using closing prices and therefore from now on we will refer to the closing prices.
It is one of the most used technical indicators by traders in all markets. Many trading systems use simple moving averages, mainly as a trend indicator.
The simple moving average is usually represented by the acronym SMA.