The increase in prices over time, which is inflation, in an economy experiencing growth is inevitable. Furthermore, it is accepted by most economists that a moderate rate of inflation is positive for the economy. In this regard, central banks try to control inflation to be kept within certain limits in order to exploit the positive effects of inflation and reduce the impact of negative effects. In this sense, monetary authorities maintain a constant struggle to control inflation and other monetary forces affecting the economy.
Increases in interest rates
Increasing interest rates is one of the main measures taken by central banks to reduce inflationary pressure when this is high. Moreover, it is easy to apply strategy whose effects are usually seen reflected faster in the economy in comparison with the effects of other methods. By raising interest rates, the central bank raise the benchmark interest rate at which commercial banks will look when granting loans to their clients.